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Part of Cambridge Studies in Population, Economy and Society in Past Time. The Demographic Profile of Egypt Age Structure Population age composition (thousands) Year 0-4 5-14 15-24 25-64 65+ Age Structure Population age composition (thousands) Year 0-4 5-14 15-24 25-64 65+ 1980 6 924.593 11 105.623 8 434.737 15 670.767 1 963.422 1985 8 033.852 12 444.857 9 537.362 17 939.739 2 249.175 This video is unavailable. Convert this information to graphs or show it on a sketch map. Butzer’s attempt remains the best at scientific demography regarding pre-Roman Egypt. The growth chart is shown below. Egypt is the most populous country in the Middle East and the third-most populous on the African continent (after Nigeria and Ethiopia).About 95% of the country's 82.5 million (2012 est.) The political boundaries of Egypt include about 386,100 square miles (1,000,000 square kilometers), but over 95 per cent of this area is barren desert. The total population in Egypt was estimated at 99.0 million people in 2019, according to the latest census figures. The human catastrophe of early modern slavery juxtaposed west and central Africans with northwest Europeans in the Americas. http://www.ucd.ie/cai/classics-ireland/1996/Madden96.html. Classroom is the educational resource for people of all ages. Bagnall and Freir place the figure in town slightly higher (13.5%) and rural areas considerably higher (8.5%) in The Demography of Roman Egypt (Cambridge University Press, 1994). Kristie Sweet has been writing professionally since 1982, most recently publishing for various websites on topics like health and wellness, and education. A disputed terrain. Considering the complications in estimating the population growth over time, and uncertainty about the number of foreigners who arrived in Egypt at different times and the extent to which they were integrated into the population, it is very difficult to determine the number of slaves living in Egypt at a given time precisely. 13; Barry J. Kemp, Anatomy of a Civilization (2nd edition. The literacy rate in ancient Egypt was probably less than 10 percent. Estimating Population. Hassan, “The Dynamics of a Riverine Civilization: A Geoarchaeological Perspective on the Nile Valley, Egypt,” World Archaeology 29.1 (1997): 51-74. TheTorah.com is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization.We rely on the support of readers like you. to 30 B.C. Unfortunately, Egyptian sources simply do not allow a more precise total to be determined at this time. Egyptologists tend to dodge the issue of population numbers, as there are no statistics available and all such numbers are … Within the race debate, ancient Egypt has become a terrain contested by three mutually exclusive views: Ancient history; Look Inside . [6] This is considerably less than his estimate that 1 out of 3 persons were slaves in the rest of the Roman Empire. Watch Queue Queue. and lasted as a leading economic and cultural influence throughout North Africa and parts of the Levant until it was conquered by the Macedonians in 332 B.C.E. Fertility in Egypt. Cambridge Core - Ancient History - The Demography of Roman Egypt Skip to main content Accessibility help We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to … Egypt Demographics Ethnic Egyptians account for 91% of the total population. have been used to reconstruct an age distribution that is consistent with model life tables that suggest a mean life expectancy at birth of arou… Whether you’re studying times tables or applying to college, Classroom has the answers. Please consider supporting TheTorah.com. Egypt’s heartland, the Nile River valley and delta, was the home of one of the principal civilizations of the ancient Middle East and, like Mesopotamia farther east, was the site of one of the world’s earliest urban and literate societies. Egyptians also form smaller minorities in the countries that neighbour them, in particular Saudi Arabia and Libya where they are mostly temporary professionals and workers, as well as in other countries as immigrants, notably in the United States, Canada, Australia… “In addition to Egyptian peasants, there were various peoples from Sudan and sub-Saharan Africa, from Arab tribes and from Turkish tribes who lived in Egypt. Population The vast majority of Egyptians live in Egypt where they constitute the primary ethnic group at 97-98% (about 76.4 million) of the total population. The population included people from various other countries throughout the periods, such as the Middle Eastern Hyksos who entered around 1650 B.C., Nubians who began migrating to Egypt in about 2100 B.C. Girls learned at home. Ataroth and the Inscribed Altar: Who Won the War Between Moab and Israel? This problem has long vexed scholars, who have offered wildly differing estimates of the population at different times:[1]. and that it had been 7 million “in antiquity”(I, 31, 7-8); Herodotus believed there to be 20,000 inhabited towns in Egypt (Histories, 199). and that it had been 7 million “in antiquity”(I, 31, 7-8); Herodotus believed there to be 20,000 inhabited towns in Egypt (Histories, 199). The ancient Egyptians thought of Egypt as being divided into two types of land, Kemet the 'black land' which referred to the fertile land on the banks of the Nile, and Deshret the ‘red land’ which was the barren desert The Nile River was the single most important element in the geography of Egypt because without the Nile, agriculture would be impossible in Egypt. Age records from some 300 census returns from Roman Egypt (first to third centuries c.e.) ), while 513 male and female slaves are listed as part of the tribute sent from Syria shortly after. Boys could raise their status by joining the army as a soldier or learning reading and writing to become a scribe. Egypt is a founding member of the United Nations and … Don’t miss the latest essays from TheTorah.com. The Question of Race in ancient Egypt. It was unified around 3100 B.C.E. View all contributors. However, bec… Ancient Egyptian Demographics 1 Education and Careers. Egypt was part of the Ottoman empire, and then under British rule till it was declared a Republic in 1953. Ramesses II ( 1279-1213 B.C.E.) People died from injuries, cardiovascular disease and other ailments. Egypt was also home to Armenian groups and … Approximately 90% of the population of Egypt is Muslim and 10% is Christian (9% Coptic, 1% other Christian). Some censuses refer to the number of persons as "mouths" and the number of households as "doors." Source: The people of ancient Egypt. Oxford University Press, 1997), 67. Ancient Egypt has one of the longest histories of any country in the world as it used to be ruled by pharaohs.As a province of the Roman Empire, it became Christian and some Coptic Church people are there after more than a thousand years of Muslim rule. Given the New Kingdom’s pharaohs propensity to carry off large numbers of captives during their numerous campaigns in the Levant and Nubia, and due to the simple fact that the status of slavery was inherited barring manumission, if one tentatively adopts Madden’s “no more than ten percent figure” for the New Kingdom and sets it at slightly less (perhaps eight percent), combined with the population total estimated by Betzer (the most scientific estimate), a very rough estimate of approximately 200,000-250,000 slaves in Egypt during the New Kingdom can be made. demographic data for Egypt are far from ideal, they are much more adequate than those for some of the other countries in which similar problems exist on a much wider scale. Most citizens in ancient Egypt worked as laborers, typically in the numerous wheat fields. Ancient populations were characterized by high birth rates and death rates. That said, it is certain that the strain of supporting a nearly permanent army of 40,000 troops, many drawn from the agricultural sector, led to an increase in dependence on slave labor.[7]. The Egyptian people have spoken only languages from the Afro-Asiatic family throughout their history from Old Egyptian to modern Egyptian Arabic (Masri). The human catastrophe of early modern slavery juxtaposed west and central Africans with northwest Europeans in the Americas. (1986), 1996, 2006, (2017) census, 2018 estimate. The demography of Roman Egypt. Another 80 “men in captivity,” 606 male and female slaves were captured during Thutmose III’s Year 33 campaign (1447 B.C.E. Guillemette Andreu has suggested that the population more than doubled from 850,000 at the start of the third millennium to over 2 million by 1800 B.C.E. Some 2,000 years on, however, the ancient hieroglyphs have been decoded and Egyptology - the study of ancient Egypt - is booming. IFAO, 2005),190, especially note no. [7] F.A. Brand, The Monuments of Seti: Epigraphic, Historical and Art Historical Analysis (Leiden, Boston, & Köln: Brill, 2000), 221. The Fatimid Caliphate ruled Egypt in the tenth through twelfth centuries. Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions Translated & Annotated, Volume II: Ramesses II, Royal Inscriptions (Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 1996), 24. At a time when Latin and ancient … You’ll use the information in some of the investigations that follow. Pharaonic Egypt thrived for some 3,000 years through a series of native dynasties that were … Egypt demographics 2020 The population growth rate is 1.70% (1,772,000 residents, including 586,436 deaths). Population estimates. Out of this genocidal experience, race has become a dominant category for uniting and dividing people in modernity. [1] Ancient writers give various estimates: Diodorus Siculus claims the population of Egypt was not less than 3 million in the first century B.C.E. Looking back, in the year of 1960, Egypt had a population of 27.0 million people. ancient Rome, Italy, North Africa and Egypt (Shaw 1996; Scheidel 2001a: 1-117 and 2003a). A better, though far from perfect approach, is comparing Egypt’s great empire period, the New Kingdom, to the Roman Empire. The problem here is in the actual density of the urban settlements – in 1882 six Egyptian cities had a population density as high as 3,000 individuals per hectare, which is probably too high for ancient Egypt – certainly for pre-New Kingdom cities – and Butzer suggests no more than 200 individuals per hectare for Old Kingdom Memphis. John Madden estimates that during the Roman Empire the slave population never rose above ten percent. Similar lists can be cited for texts from Amenhotep II’s reign. Medioimages/Photodisc/Photodisc/Getty Images, University of Michigan: From Birth to Death and Beyond: Gender, Life Span, Family, and the Afterlife, University of Chicago: Ancient Egyptian Society and Family Life, University of Illinois at Chicago: Mummies; Mummies and Disease in Egypt. $59.00 ( ) USD. Data quality tests suggest that these papyri provide the best source of demographic evidence for the Greco-Roman world (despite issues highlighted in Scheidel 2001 (cited under Anthologies). From 3000 B.C. Among the many spoils of war mentioned in. They believed their country was divided into two distinct geographical sections, the black land (the fertile banks of the river Nile) and the red land … The Egyptian population presented by genetic origin "This reference population is based on native Egyptians. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Egypt was a vast kingdom of the ancient world. Investigation: Demographics in Egypt Demographic statistics for ancient Egypt are below and on the next page. It still reached only 6,500,000 people in the first census, conducted in 1882. [5] David O’Connor, “New Kingdom and Third Intermediate Period,” in Ancient Egypt: A Social History (Cambridge University Press, 1983), 190. Many foreigners were brought into Egypt, either as booty from campaigns or as purchased slaves. The most populous governorate is Cairo with 9.72 million inhabitants. Most citizens in ancient Egypt worked as laborers, typically in the numerous wheat fields. [11] K. A. The absence of anything approaching a census or list of slaves in ancient Egypt (as opposed to ancient Rome) makes it difficult to arrive at a reasonable population estimate of slaves. Menu, ed. Egyptian Demography Modern Japanese Demography Images: Population - There are no statistics and numbers are based on educated guesswork - Pre-Dynastic Period- 4000 BC 350 thousand - Old kingdom - Between 1 and 2 million inhabitants - New kingdom - 5 million inhabitants according to … Boys... 2 Family and Diversity. Butzer’s attempt remains the best at scientific demography regarding pre-Roman Egypt. Egypt - Egypt - Demographic trends: Most of Egypt’s people live along the banks of the Nile River, and more than two-fifths of the population lives in urban areas. Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions I: 33; Peter J. and other Africans between about 2000 and 1000 B.C. The demographics of Egypt constitutes of 51,765,000 women and 52,927,000 men, which means there are 1,022 men per 1000 women. Censuses were taken as a rule by ancient rulers beginning in the Zhou Dynasty, but what the rulers were counting is somewhat in doubt. conclusions about demographics must be drawn from these materials, although the later Roman period includes more written records. script>, Envisaging the Exodus Story: Meet the Egyptians. In 2000, the United Nations estimated that Egypt’s population would hit 96 million in 2026. Ancient Egyptians tended to marry in their middle or late teens, generally no later than age 20. To the present writer these figures seem high, and Butzer’s estimate is far more likely due to it being based on substantial research on geographical and agricultural realities. David O’Connor puts the population during the New Kingdom at 2.9 – 4.5 million and as high as 7.5 million in Hellenistic and Roman Egypt. They were off by about 10 years. The largest ethnic minorities include the Turks, Greeks, Abazas, and Bedouin Arab tribes in the Sinai Peninsula and the deserts to the east, as well as the Siwis in the Siwa Oasis and the Nubian people along the Nile. See disclaimer. The Demography of Roman Egypt. The geography of Ancient Egypt was an interesting concept from the perspective of the ancient Egyptians themselves. [6] John Madden, “Slavery in the Roman Empire: Numbers and Origins,” Classics Ireland 3 (1996), accessed March 30, 2016, http://www.ucd.ie/cai/classics-ireland/1996/Madden96.html. For details see: Bernadette Menu,. The rapidly growing population is young, with roughly one-third of the total under … Oops! Authors: Roger S. Bagnall, Columbia University, New York; Bruce W. Frier, University of Michigan; Ansley J. Coale . The vast majority of Egyptians live in Egypt where they constitute the primary ethnic group at 97-98% (about 76.4 million) of the total population. View the Egypt, AL population and other interesting demographics including: median age, male to female ratio, marital status, source of income, languages spoken and race breakdown. to the seventh century c.e. Males could enter a school run by a priest at about age 7. Marriage was an important institution because it involved the regulation of property and led to children. Hildesheim, 1987). in Biblical and Near Eastern Archaeology from Trinity Evangelical Divinity School. [O’Connor]…these figures seem high, and Butzer’s estimate is far more likely due to it being based on substantial research on geographical and agricultural realities. As ancient populations migrated from Africa, they passed first through northeast Africa, then to southwest Asia. Press. 2 (University of Illinois Press: 2001 (reprint of 1906), 203. This pioneering work collects and analyzes census papyri from Roman Egypt. Wikimedia, There is no clear method with which to determine population of Egypt, let alone an accurate figure for the number of slaves in Egypt at any given point. [2] Guillemette Andreu, Egypt in the Age of the Pyramids (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1997), 2; Meskell, Private Life in New Kingdom Egypt (Princeton University Press, 2002), 26. Royalty and other upper-class men could live much longer, even into their 90s. They believed their country was divided into two distinct geographical sections, the black land (the fertile banks of the river Nile) and the … At the end of the eighteenth century, the population of Egypt was estimated at 2,500,000. It is thought to have expanded into the 30s in some periods. While the demographic curve drawn from these figures shows a moderate slope, things get worse during the last hundred years.